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Unlike the plane, the helicopter flight does not have an analogue in the animal kingdom, only the seeds of a particular plant “fly” like a helicopter.

The helicopter, like all machines is the result of continual technical improvement and mechanism to achieve a challenging goal: to fly with complete freedom.

For example, the plane needs a runway, while the helicopter needs a wide area two times than that of the rotor.

The wing of the plane is fixed with respect to the fuselage, the helicopter is advancing with respect to fuselage, or rather, wheel, hence the attribute of rotorcraft.
Space needed: an area about twice the one engaged by the rotor rotation.

Flight operations basics

The helicopter is a machine known boundless, but often they are unknown the principles for which it is able to fly and perform common operations.
Firstly, the helicopter must be able to raise, to ensure that the main rotor, or two or more blades that surround the machine, this is rotated by a motor and generates the force necessary to launch and subsequent flight.
The shape of the blades and how they invest the air force during the rotation comes support or lift.
The principle: the Lift depends on the speed with which the air affects the blade and its angle.

lift
The pilot controls this inclination with the control of the collective.

Now that the helicopter is in flight the next question is: how can it move in all directions?
The reply is simple:
Imagine tilt on one side and ask that the entire rotor co knows can happen: the rotor tends to move in that direction and then the helicopter with him in solidarity.
The pilot is able to tilt the rotor at will and then to direct: the cyclic control.

tilt
In summary:
The pilot to change the trim and altitude flight has two commands:
Cyclic -> decide the direction.
Collective -> increase or decrease altitude.

While control of the tail of the helicopter is assigned to tail rotor to balance the reaction torque.
The torque is generated by the engine that produces the energy to turn the main rotor, but at this point, physics reminds us that the 3rd law of dynamics: any action it corresponds an equal and opposite.
The action on the helicopter main rotor torque applied to the reaction, equal and opposite, the entire helicopter would rotate around the axis: the tail rotor cancels the reaction.
In addition, the pilot is able to act on the tail rotor at will so as to rotate the entire helicopter around its vertical axis.
Ultimately, the generator engine is the energy that keeps moving all parts of our machine.

By Fabrizio Ferrari Sardagna von Neuburg und Hohenstein (www.fabrizioferrarisardagna.com)

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